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The Einstein Galactic plane survey. II - Optical observations of Northern Hemisphere X-ray sources
Spectroscopic and photometric observations of 67 Northern-HemisphereX-ray sources from the Einstein Galactic Plane Survey (Hertz andGrindlay, 1984) (HG) are reported. Data obtained at 450-700 nm using the1.5-m telescope at Whipple Observatory and the MMT are combined withpublished observational data in tables, and the identificationalgorithms described by HG are applied. Identifications with opticalobjects are proposed for 45 sources, and it is inferred that most of theothers are noncoronal extragalactic objects. None of the objects can beassigned to the class of low-luminosity accretion sources proposed byHG.
| X-ray-selected M dwarfs and the diffuse X-ray background
A systematic optical identification program was carried out forserendipitous X-ray sources discovered by the Einstein Observatory. Atotal of 104 were detected above the threshold flux of 3 x 10 to the-13th ergs/sq cm per sec in the 114 sq deg survey region; 11 of these104 sources are dM stars. Including X-ray-selected M dwarfs from the LMCsurvey, the Medium Sensitivity Survey, and the Einstein Deep Survey, adwarf M star composite X-ray spectrum was constructed; the best-fitthermal model yields kT = 1.3 + or - 0.3 keV, consistent with typicalactive star spectra. An M dwarf X-ray luminosity function was alsoconstructed and it is concluded that the integrated contribution to thediffuse soft (0.28-1.0 keV) X-ray background from such stars is lessthan 10 percent, a factor of more than about 2 lower than previousestimates. This result is consistent with a limit on the dwarf M starcontribution derived from a spectral decomposition of the observed X-raybackground spectrum.
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